Correlation Between Spiritual Needs and Self-Efficacy with the Risk of Relapse in Drug Users at Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi (BNNP) of East Java

Background: Drug abuse is a worldwide health issue, and Indonesia is experiencing an annual rise in cases. Relapse in drug addicts is the behaviour of using drugs again after undergoing rehabilitation, characterised by the presence of addictive thoughts, behaviours, and emotions after abstinence, influenced by internal and external factors. Objective: Explain the correlation between spiritual needs and self-efficacy with relapse risk in drug users at Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi (BNNP) of East Java. Methods: This study used an observational cross-sectional design focusing on drug users in East Java BNNP and used a consecutive sampling method. Participants completed questionnaires regarding demographics, Spiritual Needs Questionnaire (SpNQ), General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Skala Kecenderungan Relapse. Outcome: The study sample consisted of 30 drug users. Most subjects were male, aged 25 to 29, had a secondary education, were married, worked as companions or office workers, had incomes above the regional minimum wage, and mainly used methamphetamine. The need for peace was significantly positively correlated with emotional relapse (r = 0.412, p = 0.024), indicating a moderate relationship, and significantly negatively correlated with physical relapse (r = -0.377, p = 0.040), indicating a weak relationship. The giving needs was significantly related to emotional relapse (r = 0.451, p = 0.012), also indicating a moderate relationship. Conclusion: There were significant correlations between the need for peace, giving needs and emotional relapse, with a moderate positive correlation, and significant correlations between giving needs and physical relapse, with a weak negative correlation in East Java BNNP drug users.