Cytotoxicity and viability evaluation of collagen isolated from Rohu fish ( <i>Labeo rohita</i> ) skin waste

In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors, collagen is widely used as a biomaterial to create hydrogels, wound dressings, bioactive nano/microfibers, and controlled drug delivery systems. Aquatic collagen has been shown to increase biological activity and decrease the potential for genetic disease transmission. Nowadays, the complete use of natural resources has become more critical due to sustainable socioeconomic and environmental principles. As a result, fish collagen derived from fish byproducts (including scales, bones, fins, and skin) has become a competitive substitute. This study looks at the extraction of collagen from the skin of Rohu carp ( Labeo rohita ) and assesses its cytotoxicity and cell viability on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells. Our attempts to extract type I collagen with &gt;99% purity were effective, as demonstrated by FTIR, UV-Vis, and SDS-PAGE studies. Trypan blue staining and MTT tests were employed to assess the collagen’s cytotoxicity and cell viability, respectively.