ALTERATIONS OF SOME HAEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS ATTENDING IMO SPECIALIST HOSPITAL, UMUGUMA, OWERRI, NIGERIA

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) with alterations in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or action. This study was aimed at determining the levels of white blood cell, fibrinogen, urea and creatinine in type II diabetes mellitus patients attending Imo Specialist Hospital Umuguma, Owerri. A cross-sectional study was carried out from the month of July to September, 2023 and all eligible subjects who gave a written informed consent for the study were enrolled in the study. The study population consisted of 50 diabetes mellitus patients and an equivalentno of age - matched apparently healthy, non-diabetes mellitus subjects served as the controls. The procedure was carried out at the Imo Specialist Hospital Umuguma, Owerri. The results of the tests were analyzed using SPSS version 21. The mean values of WBC (10372.00±3026.48)cells/μl and fibrinogen (351.67±98.20) mg/dl were significantly increased in diabetics when compared to controls (6659.20±1968.37)cells/μl and (220.99±73.91)mg/dl (p=0.000 and p=0.001). The mean values of urea (55.28±33.24)mg/dl and creatinine (1.92±1.63) mg/dl were significantly increased in diabetics when compared to controls (23.30±9.38)cells/μl and (0.75±0.37)mg/dl (p=0.001 and p=0.000). There was no significant difference in the mean values of WBC (10068.97±2817.05) cells/μl, Fibrinogen (346.36±96.08) mg/dl, urea (61.31±39.22) mg/dl and creatinine (2.28±1.95) mg/dl in male diabetics when compared to female diabetics (10790.47±3318.72) cells/μl, (359.01±102.99) mg/dl. (46.95±20.69) mg/dl and (1.43±0.88) mg/dl (p=0.411, p=0.657, p=0.133 and p=0.070). There was a significant non - positive correlation of WBC with urea and creatinine in diabetics (r=0.02, p=0.885; r=0.09, p=0.163 and r=0.16, p=0.259). Type II Diabetes mellitus is associated with a significant increase in white blood cell, fibrinogen, urea and creatinine. Therefore, routine screening of these indices is recommended to minimize diabetes mellitus‐related complication.