Study on the Clinical Presentation and Follow-Up of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD) encompasses a spectrum of pregnancy-related disorders, ranging from benign hydatidiform mole to malignant choriocarcinoma, and poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings. The purpose of the study was to assess the clinical presentation and follow-up outcomes of patients diagnosed with Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD). Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical presentation and follow-up outcomes of patients diagnosed with Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD). Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, from November 2012 to November 2013, included 70 GTD patients. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, analyzed via SPSS, and ethical approval was obtained with assurances of confidentiality and voluntary participation. Results: Among 70 patients with GTD, 55.71% were aged 21–30 years, and 91.43% came from below-average income groups. The most common symptom in molar pregnancies was per vaginal bleeding (55.56%), while persistent mole and choriocarcinoma patients frequently presented with bleeding and lower abdominal pain (52%). A large proportion (77.78%) of molar pregnancies had uterine sizes larger than the period of gestation. Regular follow-up was observed in 74% of patients, and 100% underwent serum β-hCG testing. Most hydatidiform mole patients (80%) achieved remission, while 10% of choriocarcinoma cases resulted in death. Conclusion: Consistent monitoring and early detection significantly improve the clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD).