АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ДИВЕРТИКУЛИТА ОБОДОЧНОЙ КИШКИ

Diverticulitis is one of the most common diseases of the digestive system, with a steadily increasing frequency, particularly among the younger population. In 85-90% of cases among Europeans, including Armenians, and North Americans, the disease affects only the sigmoid colon. The causes of the disease are the protrusion of the mucous membrane and submucosal layer in the weakened muscular segments of the colonic wall. While diverticulosis progresses without symptoms in 80% of individuals, 20% of cases develop various forms of diverticulitis. These forms can range from mild, uncomplicated conditions to life-threatening complications, such as perforation into the free abdominal cavity and bleeding. Within the scope of this work, the author presents key studies on the classification of colonic diverticulitis and analyzes multicenter retrospective and randomized prospective studies. Despite the terminological differences in English and Russian literature, there are also certain similarities in the disease classification. The work outlines contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, unresolved issues in determining indications for surgeries and their extent, as well as the role of surgical interventions in cases of recurrence and severe complications of diverticulitis.