New approaches to the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a polyetiological disease characterized by an increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPP) by more than 20 mm Hg at rest. Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is assigned to the first group according to the 2018 PH classification, is the most studied in terms of optimal therapy selection. This is a rare but fatal disease that occurs as a result of vascular remodeling of the distal pulmonary arteries. Currently, PAH treatments target three major metabolic cascades: prostacyclin, endothelin, and nitric oxide. The available therapies improve the symptoms and quality of life of patients with PAH, but, unfortunately, none of them directly affect the pathogenesis or allow to achieve complete control of the disease. The aim of the review was to analyze the literature and demonstrate of the most promising methods and potential targets for the treatment of PAH. Conclusion. At the moment, PAH therapy is a serious clinical problem, and therefore, it is essential to study new therapeutic targets and develop the corresponding drugs.