Обычай «мэшрэп» как феномен традиционной культуры уйгуров Синьцзяна

Introduction. The article examines one practice of social gatherings — meshrep — among Xinjiang Uyghurs characterized by distinctive culture with strong Islamic influences. Goals. The paper attempts a comprehensive description of meshrep’s structure. To facilitate this, the work shall characterize certain elements of the custom, consider the latter in historical retrospect, analyze some present-day risks and threats. Materials and methods. The study focuses on analytical insights into ethnographic and historical writings by Russian and foreign researchers. Tools of structural and sociocultural analysis coupled with a synergetic approach have proved most instrumental herein. Results. The Uyghur meshrep traditionally distinguished by its etiquettical and playful essentials used to imply a joint meal, prayers, literary recitals, musical accompaniments, singing and dancing. Meshrep was not only to entertain but rather to socialize and educate young people, which entailed certain fines and punishments for its violations. And far not all punishments were that comic, while real ones primarily comprised social condemnation. Participants of the Uighur meshrep would not only have fun together but also discuss and tackle topical challenges faced by their community. Conclusions. The significance of meshrep is emphasized by that this custom has been included in UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists. Meshreps used to preserve and transmit traditions, socialize younger generations, and even serve as informal courts. Such meetings became widespread enough and took the form of sociopolitical clubs for national movement activists. In the twentieth century, the tradition began to weaken, and at the stage of restoration it was negatively influenced by the Chinese authorities: a truly folk custom would be replaced by mere commercialized performances.