11P Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes on routine H&E staining with automated quantification predict outcomes in resectable non-small cell lung cancer

Adjuvant treatment has become more personalized in resectable NSCLC. New biomarkers are needed to predict treatment outcomes. In this study, we looked for a broadly applicable biomarker using deep learning on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) histology. Based on recommendations [Salgado et al., Ann Oncol 2015], we focused on analyzing tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the stromal (sTILs) and the intratumoral (iTILs) compartment. We assessed TILs fully automated at slide and tumor bulk level, guided by manual annotations of the tumor bulk.