Green Campus Implementation and Challenges in Education and Research in Indonesia

Abstract Since the establishment of the green campus concept at the end of the 20th century, global awareness of its implementation has steadily increased. This study was a narrative review that explored the implementation and challenges of green campuses in Indonesia, focusing on education and research. Data were collected through a literature review using the UI Green Metric website, university green campus websites, and articles from Google and Google Scholar. The criteria for source selection included: (1) publication between January 2010 and January 2024, (2) data sources limited to journal articles, excluding theses and dissertations, (3) articles that mentioned green campus programs in education and research, (4) research conducted at Indonesian campuses, and (5) sources that could be either research journals or review articles. A total of 50 articles were analyzed qualitatively. The results indicated an increase in the number of Indonesian campuses implementing green campus programs from 2018 to 2023. Only 4% of Indonesian campuses had effectively implemented programs in education and research, based on articles and reports from the UI Green Metric website. The challenges faced included limited academic involvement due to a lack of awareness, insufficient policies and regulations, inadequate research funding, and a scarcity of relevant courses. This study concluded that the implementation of green campuses in Indonesia, particularly in research and education, remained ineffective. Significant development is necessary to advance sustainable and environmentally friendly education and research practices in Indonesian campuses.