Development of Chemical Equilibrium E-Book in the Environmental Context to Promote Students’ Chemical Representation Ability

Abstract This study aims to analyze the characteristics and feasibility of an environmental context electronic book on chemical equilibrium to improve students’ chemical representation abilities, based on content evaluation by expert judgment, usability by chemistry teachers, and student’s responses. This article presents the development process of the electronic book, which includes the define stage, design stage, development stage, and dissemination stage in the 4D development procedure. The define stage consists of initial and final analysis, learner analysis, concept analysis, and specification of learning objectives. The design stage involves the preparation of reference test criteria, media selection, format selection, and initial design. The development stage will produce the final product through expert validation and development testing. The dissemination stage involves distributing the product for implementation in classroom learning. The characteristics of the electronic book generated based on these development stages include an environmental context presented with chemical representations on the topic of chemical equilibrium. It can be accessed online through smartphones, laptops, and computers. The feasibility of the electronic book is evaluated through expert judgment and usability by three chemistry teachers, considering five aspects: content, presentation, language, graphics, and the feasibility of the book’s characteristics. It was also piloted in a class of eleventh-grade students to assess their response, focusing on presentation, language, and graphics. The results of the feasibility analysis according to expert judgment show that the environmental context electronic book on chemical equilibrium is suitable as a teaching material to empower students’ chemical representation abilities. The usability review conducted by three chemistry teachers obtained a rating of “very good,” indicating that this electronic book can be used by students in the learning process of chemical equilibrium. According to student responses, the electronic book received a rating of “very good”. Based on the results, the product generated by this research was valid and worthy as a source of learning.