Evaluation of Iron induced stress in Brinjal (Solanum Melongena L.) plants by assessing growth and biochemical parameters

Iron is an essential mineral for the human body, playing a significant role in oxygen transport, synthesis of energy and cellular functions. However, excessive accumulation of iron can lead to toxic stress, causing severe organ damage and metabolic disruptions. This study evaluates the iron induced stress in Brinjal (Solanum Melongena L.) plants by assessing growth and biochemical parameters. The experimental plants were divided into four groups. Group 1 (control), received no ferrous iron treatment, while groups 2, 3, and 4 were treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg of ferrous iron exposure, respectively. The results revealed that higher levels of ferrous iron exposure significantly hindered growth as evidenced by reduced germination percentage, shorter root and shoot length, decreased fresh and dry weight, and lower vigour index. Biochemical analysis showed a marked decline in carbohydrate and protein levels under elevated concentrations of ferrous iron. Furthermore, the activity of key antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, were significantly reduced. These findings highlight the detrimental effects of iron overload on brinjal plants, emphasizing the importance of carefully managing iron levels in agricultural practices to prevent oxidative damage and maintain good health of the plants.