Искусственно деформированные черепа из антропологических материалов, хранящихся в Калмыцком научном центре РАН

This work is devoted to the artificial deformation of the skull on the basis of craniological materials stored in the funds of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS. The purpose of the work is description of skulls with artificial deformation based on the collections of anthropological materials of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS as well as their introduction into scientific circulation. The object of the study was craniological materials from the burials of burial mounds studied on the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia. The subject of the study was the tradition of artificial deformation of the human head. The gender and age characteristics were carried out according to a comprehensive anthropological program, including traditional anthropological methods. Results. The work consists of an introduction, three chapters and conclusions. The introduction provides a brief historiography of the study of the problem. The classification of types of deformation of E.V. Zhirov, the most common in our country, is given. All the material under study is divided into three time groups: burials of the Bronze Age, the Early Iron Age and the Middle Ages. The conducted research allowed us to draw the following conclusions: the custom of artificial deformation of the head on the territory of the Volga-Manych steppes existed already in the Bronze Age, but became a stable tradition in the late period of the Early Iron Age, and was found in the burials of the Middle Ages, but as isolated cases.