Development of Test Cases for Automated Vehicle Driving Safety Assessment Using Driving Trajectories

For consumers to have confidence in the safety of automated vehicles (AVs), AVs must be assessed using systematically developed scenarios to verify driving safety and reliability. In particular, verification using scenarios has been widely performed for the assessment and certification of AVs. This study aims to develop test cases based on driving trajectories to assess the driving safety of AVs. To achieve this, concrete scenarios were systematically developed from functional and logical scenarios. Drone video data analysis was conducted to extract representative lane-change trajectories for AVs on expressway ramp sections. Subsequently, the test cases were selected from concrete scenarios through simulations using time-to-steer (TTS). Finally, the effectiveness of utilizing trajectories for scenario-based driving safety assessments was verified. Furthermore, it is expected that this approach can be applied to other driving patterns by providing a detailed procedure for the test case developed in this study.