Does green innovation mitigate consumption-based carbon emissions? The role of nuclear energy consumption and energy productivity in G-7 nations

Green innovation, clean energy consumption, and improved energy productivity are crucial for addressing global climate change and combating ecological degradation and are emphasized for their dynamic role in creating a sustainable future. In that sense, this research probed the influences of green innovation, nuclear energy use, and energy productivity on consumption-based carbon emissions in the G-7 economies from 1990 to 2021. Advanced econometric methods were employed, including CS-ARDL for long-run linkage, AMG and CCEMG for robustness, and the DH causality approach. The long-run results specified that green innovation, utilizing nuclear energy resources, and improving energy productivity support decreasing consumption-based carbon emissions. This work recommended implementing the investment in green innovations, expanding nuclear energy consumption, and utilizing energy productivity to lower the existing consumption-based emissions level through policy implementation for G-7 nations.