Electromagnetic Band Gap-Based Circular Ring-Shaped Wearable Antenna With Improved Gain For Internet of Things Applications in 5-G Sub-6 GHz

This paper presents an integrated electromagnetic band gap (EBG) wearable antenna for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The proposed antenna is designed on Jean’s substrate $\left(\epsilon_{r}=1.7\right.$, loss tangent $\left.(\tan \delta)=0.085\right)$. The suggested antenna’s final dimensions are $66.80 \times 66.80 \times 0.7 \mathrm{~mm}^{3}$. The proposed antenna frequencyresonate at 3.53 GHz and operates in the frequency range 3.505 to 3.558 GHz. EBG’s primary function is to reduce back lobe radiation in order to increase the proposed antenna’s gain in the operating frequency band. After using EBG, gain is increased from 2.9 to 8.7 dBi. The radiation efficiency is $88.43 \%$. The bending analysis for wearable antenna at different radius is presented. An excellent consent is found between the simulated and measured outcomes, confirming that it is appropriate for IoT applications in $5 \mathrm{G~Sub-6} ~\mathrm{GHz}$ frequency band.