A Novel Generator Coupled Dual Battery Energy Management System for Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles (EVs) signify a significant advancement in transportation technology, offering a cleaner and more sustainable alternative to traditional gasoline-powered cars. However, challenges such as battery charging infrastructure, extended charging times, high costs, limited range, and battery degradation remain critical issues in EV evaluation. This paper proposes a novel, compact design for electric vehicles aimed at enhancing sustainable transportation. The design features a gearless wheel system that integrates directly coupled motors with a dual battery energy management system. In this configuration, one battery serves as the primary power source for driving the motors connected directly to the wheels. The second battery is paired with shunt generators, which are also connected to the wheels. The wheel-mounted generators charge one of the batteries while the other battery powers the vehicle, effectively creating a system that reduces the need for external charging. This dual battery setup not only enhances the vehicle's practicality for long-distance travel but also diminishes reliance on traditional charging infrastructure. To validate this design concept, a prototype model was constructed and tested. The prototype demonstrated that the design achieves a compact, charging-free solution, confirming its feasibility for further development and implementation. This approach represents a significant step toward more practical and efficient electric transportation, addressing key challenges in the current EV technology landscape.