Leveraging Advanced Technology and Data Integration in Managing Challenging Pipelines in Subsidence Areas

Abstract The contemporary landscape of the 21st-century pipeline industry is marked by continual technological progress such as high-resolution in-line inspection (ILI) and advanced monitoring systems. This paper elucidates the successful integration and application of cutting-edge technology for the identification and management of a pipeline situated within an active subsidence area. The term “subsidence” herein refers to ground sinking resultant from the expansion of subsurface cavities until surface level indications are seen. This phenomenon could be a result of pumping, fracking, and mining, including improper well completion practices. This case study specifically delves into the utilization of different periodic and continuous monitoring techniques to address an active subsidence threat. The monitoring included satellite Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques for subsidence measurement, where periodic satellite images are superimposed to reveal surface motion or deformation over time. Beyond conventional InSAR data collection, the operator implemented strain gages and subsidence prisms on the pipeline segment exposed to earth movement. This data, in conjunction with inertial mapping unit (IMU) bending strain analysis, enables real-time monitoring of bending (vertical and horizontal) and membrane strain components on the pipeline. The incorporation of a high strain trigger alarm serves to promptly notify the operator of potential issues. The continuous data integration process aims to comprehensively understand and manage the subsidence threat by gathering diverse stakeholders at regular intervals to interpret and discuss the latest monitoring results. The proactive approach of the operator extends further into the realm of threat probability mapping solutions, demonstrating a creative and innovative methodology. This led to the strategic design of a pipeline reroute, diverting it away from the subsidence area and ensuring the sustained long-term operation of the pipeline. The complexity of this process necessitates a series of analyses and discussions among subject matter experts (SMEs), reflecting a meticulous and innovative approach. The success of this endeavor not only secures the short-term integrity of the pipeline but also sets a precedent for long term identification and management of emerging threats within the industry. This study underscores the transformative power of integrating advanced technologies and creative problem-solving strategies in addressing and mitigating challenges in pipeline risk management.