Risk Factors and Resilience Protectors: Study From the Family and Educational Context in a Group of Schoolchildren

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the risk and protective factors of resilience faced by students in elementary schools in the department of Sucre, Caribbean region of Colombia. Theoretical Framework: The research that supports this study highlights the importance of effective communication in the family environment and the emotional impacts derived from it. In addition, several theories, such as Ann S Masten and Froma Walsh's resilience theory and Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of human development, highlight the relevance of social support systems in fostering resilience. Method: The methodology adopted for this research is qualitative with a descriptive-interpretative scope and non-experimental design in order to build a comprehensive view of the students' and family members' feelings about what happens in the teaching-learning process. Data collection was carried out through an interview with a sample of 50 students, selected from first to fifth grades through simple random probability sampling; complemented with information provided by parents. Results and Discussion: The results show children that in the midst of adversities develop resilient capacity, abilities to communicate and coexist, to learn significantly under the guidance of the teacher, who in his role as mediator uses replacement strategies in the search to form integral, self-regulated beings capable of transforming realities. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing information on how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of social sciences. These implications could span the areas of emotional well-being, family dynamics, education, and community participation. Originality/value: This study has an innovative approach that explores resilience in students, relating educational and family factors, which allows for a deep understanding of the emotional challenges they face. It is relevant because it provides professionals such as teachers, psychologists and social workers with tools to improve the well-being and resilience of young people, allowing a more informed approach to the prevention of emotional problems and the creation of support networks.