CURRENT TRENDS IN THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN POULTRY

The biggest problem of modern medicine and veterinary medicine is the antibiotic resistance of the causative agents of infectious diseases and accompanying opportunistic microflora. In most cases, the formation of antibiotic resistance is caused by the genetic properties of microorganisms as a result of their acquisition of new genetic information, or due to a change in the level of expression of the bacterial cell's own genes. An analysis of own research for 8 years (2016-2023) was carried out regarding the isolation of pathogenic and accompanying opportunistic bacterial microflora from biomaterial from poultry, as well as a comparative assessment of the resistance of E. coli isolates to antibacterial drugs isolated in 2016 – 2023. According to the results of own bacteriological studies of biomaterial from poultry from poultry farms of various technological directions during 2016-2023, 1,735 isolates of microorganisms were isolated. A wide range of microflora from the biomaterial of poultry was revealed, which is represented by pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, namely: E. coli (71-91 %), Salmonella spp. (2.7-13 %), Staphylococcus spp. (1-6 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1-1.27 %), Pasteurella (0.5-1.8 %), Proteus vulgaris (0.42-2 %), Enterococcus 1-13 %), Clostridia (1-2, 16 %). An increase in resistant strains of E. coli in 2023 compared to 2016 was established to the following groups of antibacterial drugs: to oxytetracycline (37 %), doxycycline, enrofloxacin (28.9 %), amoxicillin (21.7 %) and decrease to neomycin (27.2 %), gentamicin (26.5%). The high sensitivity of E. coli to apramycin, neomycin, fluorfenicol and fosfomycin was established. To solve the problem of reducing antibiotic-resistant strains in poultry farming, it is necessary to carry out constant monitoring of the sensitivity of isolated pathogens to the most of frequently used antibacterial drugs and control over the dosage of antibacterial drugs and their use for specific microorganisms.