EFFECTIVENESS OF PENICILLIN IN THE TREATMENT OF SURGICAL INFECTIONS IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS

Penicillin, the first ever antibiotic discovered at the beginning of the 20th century, continues to be used in veterinary medicine and is one of the most widely used broad-spectrum antibiotics worldwide and has numerous clinical indications. It is effective against infections caused by gram-positive cocci, gram-positive bacilli, most anaerobes, and gram-negative cocci, and is an obstacle in the treatment of various infections within the β-lactam class of antibiotics. However, the growing resistance of pathogens to penicillin is a serious concern among veterinarians. In order to reduce the level of resistant microorganisms and the need for the synthesis of new antibacterial drugs, sensitivity studies to antibiotics of the first and second order should be conducted. The article presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of penicillin in the treatment of surgical infections in domestic animals, analyzes the causes of resistance, clinical cases, as well as recommendations for optimizing therapy. In the course of research, the causative agents of bacterial infection were isolated and their sensitivity to penicillin was studied. This test outlines the level of sensitivity of the selected microflora (Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli) and allows to adjust the treatment by prescribing first- and second-line antibiotics, with an emphasis on resistance problems arising in pathogenic microorganisms. 20 animals were included in the study, from which causative agents of surgical infection were isolated. Determination of sensitivity of pathogens to antibiotics was carried out according to the generally accepted disk-diffuse method. The level of sensitivity to the antibiotic is based on the measurement of the diameter of the zone of growth retardation. The obtained results indicate that the effect of the drug on the selected strains is interpreted as a percentage: 15% - sensitive, 75% - moderately sensitive and 10% insensitive microflora. This indicates the ineffectiveness of penicillin as a monopreparation in the treatment of surgical infections.