Design and analysis of highly birefringent porous core photonic crystal fibers for terahertz applications

Here, we propose and numerically analyze the performance of two different designs of porous core photonic crystal fibers (PC-PCFs) projected for terahertz (THz) wave transmission, exploring the design malleability property of PCFs with the purpose of comprehending how structural changes in fiber core affect its propagation parameters, namely, the birefringence, losses, nonlinearity, V-parameter, and dispersion over the propagation bandwidth. The propagation characteristics were investigated by using the finite difference eigenmode solver from Ansys Lumerical software. Our results shown a high dependence of the fiber birefringence and dispersion with respect to the core porosity, suggesting the simplicity in reshaping its curves just by adjusting the core hole radius. Total transmission losses also could be decreased to admissible values close to 0.40 dB/cm, at 1.02 THz, by changing core porosity. Furthermore, both fibers have easily manufactured designs based only in circular air holes, providing polarization-maintaining applications with one of the lowest reported dispersion and acceptable losses.