DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF A PORTABLE WALNUT HARVESTER BASED ON ELECTROMAGNETIC EXCITATION TECHNOLOGY

With the development of agricultural mechanization and the expansion of fruit tree cultivation, effective harvesting techniques have become crucial for boosting yield and reducing labor costs. This is particularly true in hilly areas with complex terrains where traditional, large-scale harvesting machinery struggles to be effective. This study designed and experimentally validated a portable walnut harvester based on electromagnetic excitation technology, aiming to enhance harvesting efficiency and reduce labor intensity in these areas. The harvester integrates electromagnetic excitation technology with the design of a lightweight, handheld electric cart, optimizing the machine's adaptability and operational flexibility across various terrains. Through field testing, we evaluated the vibration effects of the machine under different branch diameters and impact locations, and optimized the impact parameters using Design-Expert software. Experimental results indicate that the machine can operate effectively at maximum pitch angles while delivering powerful impact forces to harvest walnuts efficiently. Furthermore, by optimizing the vibration frequency and impact location for branches of different diameters, we provided recommended parameters for using the equipment. This study not only demonstrates the potential application of electromagnetic excitation technology in agricultural machinery but also offers a viable mechanized solution for orchards in similarly complex terrains.