Reducing HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer risk and exploring the role of safe sexual activity and behavioral modifications

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection, posing a significant public health concern with HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer emerging as the most common HPV-associated cancer (HPV-aOC). Risky sexual behaviours, notably, oral sex emerge as a critical risk factor for HPV-aOC. Despite its profound impact, there exists a poor awareness of the connection between HPV and oropharyngeal cancer, coupled with suboptimal vaccine uptake. By elucidating the nexus between sexual behaviour and HPV-aOC, this paper aims to foster a paradigm shift towards modified sexual activity, ultimately leading to a reduced risk of HPV-aOC. This study also advocates for multi-faceted approaches such as the use of protective barriers, reducing the number of oral sex partners, increasing awareness through public health education, and augmenting vaccine uptake to limit the prevalent risks of HPV-aOC. Through these concerted efforts, it is envisaged that the incidence and prevalence of HPV-aOC can be mitigated.