Factors associated with hypertension management and its complications in older adults in Ecuador

Hypertension (HTN) is a highly prevalent chronic disease that represents a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and multisystem complications, especially in older adults. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the management of hypertension and its complications in older adults at the San Juan Pablo II Day Care Gerontological Center in Ecuador. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design was used, applying a structured questionnaire to 60 older adults aged between 65 and 70 years diagnosed with hypertension. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to identify patterns in knowledge, treatment adherence, and complications related to hypertension. The results show that 29% of respondents are unaware of what hypertension is, while 25% do not adequately take their prescribed medication. Among the most common complications, renal disease (40%) and heart failure (22%) were highlighted. Additionally, 41% have not received updated information about hypertension and its complications, and 12% never attend medical check-ups. These findings reveal significant deficiencies in the management of hypertension, influenced by educational, economic, and healthcare access factors. It is concluded that health education, equitable access to medical care, and the promotion of treatment adherence are essential to improve hypertension control and prevent severe complications in this vulnerable population