Determination of influential factors in growth deficiencies in children from an Ecuadorian Educational Unit

Child growth is a fundamental process that reflects the health and well-being of children, influenced by socioeconomic, behavioral, and nutritional factors. The aim of this study was to determine the factors influencing growth deficiencies in children under 5 years old attending the “Presidente Velasco Ibarra” educational unit, using a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional design to systematically analyze the variables involved. The research included a sample of 64 children selected through simple random sampling, and data were collected via surveys applied to parents and anthropometric measurements conducted on the children. Results showed that 48.4% of households have a regular economic level, 59.4% take their children to medical check-ups irregularly, and 50% engage in physical activity only occasionally. Regarding Body Mass Index (BMI), 77% of boys and 88% of girls had a healthy weight, although 10% of boys and 12% of girls were emaciated. The conclusions indicate that factors such as economic status, irregularity in medical check-ups, and dietary and physical habits are key determinants of child growth. This study highlights the need for comprehensive strategies combining social, educational, and public health interventions to address growth deficiencies and ensure proper child development