CONCENTRATED FEED PREPARATION INFLUENCE ON DAIRY COW RATIONS EFFICIENCY

The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of rations with different preparation of the concentrated part on the productivity and quality of milk in dairy cows of the Red Steppe breed, in the Orenburg Region. Objectives: to analyze the formation of the productivity of cows of the accounting period of lactation (gross milk yield, daily milk yield, milk composition, economic efficiency) depending on the method of preparing the concentrated part of the cows' ration. According to the developed research methodology, the conditions of keeping and feeding were identical. The structure of the ration of the control group of animals included: cereal hay – 15.2 %; legume – 14.7; corn silage – 31.9; crushed grain mixture (barley + wheat) – 34.5; sunflower cake – 3.7 %. In two experimental groups with the same structure, the crushed grain mixture was replaced by cavitated grain mixture (Group I) and cavitated wheat bran (Group II) in terms of nutritional value. Feeding dairy cows with rations containing cavitated concentrates had a positive effect on milk productivity and quality. The actual yield of natural milk during the experimental period (182 days) increased by 23.0 and 26.1 %, respectively, compared to the control. The increase in net income per animal from the sale of commercial milk amounted to 3902.7 and 4380.0 rubles, while profitability increased by 5.9 and 6.6 %, respectively.