Relationship of Interleukin (IL-10) Level to Sputum Conversion and Influence Factors in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an infection causative agent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Indonesia is in fifth place with drug-resistant tuberculosis. The achievement of TB management is surprisingly dependent on the analysis, suitable remedy, and comparing its remedy. Many TB patients who are present process similarly anti-tuberculosis remedies have issued sputum elimination for acid-resistant bacillus smear examination so that the healing display is not optimal. Objective: The study analyzes the relationship between interleukin 10 (IL-10) level and sputum conversion and influence factors in drug-resistant tuberculosis. Methods: A total of 45 resistance tuberculosis mycobacterium with inclusion criteria are 18-65 years old, shorter regimen, acid-fast bacilli sputum conversion, and serum IL-10 levels were recorded in the medical record—the research analytic observational with a retrospective cohort design. Results: Interleukin 10 levels show that the higher the anti-inflammatory response, the faster the sputum conversion occurs. It can be a marker of the weakened immune response of Th1 to MTB infection. Based on the AFB sputum conversion, other studies supported that the increase of IL-10 levels in serum could be used as a prognostic marker of the therapeutic success of TB. Cut off point IL-10 level in this study was 5,83 pg/ml with 94,29% sensitivity and 100% specificity in predicting conversion time. Conclusion: The higher IL-10 production in TBRO indicates suppression of immune response. Comorbid factors of diabetes mellitus and initial bacterial load affect the sputum conversion influence of TBRO patients. Keywords: Interleukin 10, influence factor, TBRO, conversion