Sarcoidosis and Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Expression of miR-145, miR-301, and miR-449

Abstract Background: In the field, sarcoidosis is a condition characterized by inflammation, with an unknown origin often impacting the lungs and chest lymph nodes. On the other hand, lung cancer stands out as a fatal form of cancer affecting both men and women. It is challenging to distinguish sarcoidosis from lung cancer. A method to diagnose and treat diseases involves examining the biomarkers associated with the condition. This research aimed to analyze the levels of miR-449, miR-301, and miR-145 in lymph node tissue of individuals with sarcoidosis compared to a control group using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and compare their expression with non-small cell lung cancer tissue. Methods: In this study, we gathered the tissue samples from the lymph nodes of individuals with sarcoidosis, cancer patients, and controls. Subsequently, we conducted real-time PCR analysis to assess the levels of miR-301, miR-145, and miR-449 gene expression in the samples. We also evaluated the variation in the biomarker expression levels and their correlation between genes and rock graphs. Results: The levels of miR-301 expression were found to be elevated in lymph node samples from patients with sarcoidosis and in cancer tissue compared to those from healthy individuals. In addition, miR-449 expression was higher in lymph node samples from sarcoidosis patients than in healthy individuals and it was lower in cancer tissue samples. Furthermore, there were variations in the expression levels of miR-145, between lymph node tissue of sarcoidosis patients and cancer tissue. Conclusion: The investigated biomarkers are suitable for the prognosis and treatment of sarcoidosis and lung cancer and can be used in faster and more accurate diagnosis of the disease and as a result more effective treatment.