Simultaneous electrochemical measurement of lead(II) and arsenic(III) with a nano-coral gold-coated graphite pencil electrode (GPE) based on square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV)

Lead(II) and arsenic(III) in water samples were simultaneously detected with a nano-coral gold (NCG)-coated graphite pencil electrode (GPE) employing square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). The nano-coral structure significantly enhances the electrode's range of surface active sites, resulting in a remarkable improvement in sensitivity. The electrode shows a linear responses toward Pb(II) and As(III) in the ranges of 5-200 μg.L^-1 for As(III) and 10-60 μg.L^-1 for Pb(II), with quantification limits of 5 μg.L^-1 for both Pb(II) and As(III), which are below 10 μg.L^-1.