Optimization of bioprocesses of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum UFSJP2 with antioxidant activity and its viability in graviola (Annona muricata) sorbet

Functional foods within a varied diet at effective dosages may confer health benefits that surpass the scope of basic nutrition, with probiotics assuming a significant role in this domain. The use of sorbet enriched with probiotics is an alternative to dairy products. However, the viable bioprocessing for probiotic production presents substantial challenges. The aim of this study was to optimize the bioprocesses of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum UFSJP2 and to evaluate its antioxidant activity and viability in graviola (Annona muricata) sorbet. The optimized production of UFSJP2 biomass was 787% greater than non-optimized processes, resulting in a yield of 3.7 x 1010 CFU.mL-1 under conditions comprising 10.55 g.L-1 yeast extract, 10 g.L-1 peptone, and 0.16 g.L-1 manganese sulfate. The aggregated spherical structure observed in SEM may have a certain protective effect. Antioxidant activity assays revealed efficacies of 79% and 46% for intact and lysed cells, respectively. The survival rate of the UFSJP2 strain in the presence of hydrogen peroxide was observed at 77.5% (1.0 mM for 8 h). Notably, there was no diminution in the number of viable cells of UFSJP2 in graviola sorbet in 30 days. These results underscore a cost-effective strategy for probiotic production and for enhancing viability within plant-based matrices.