Analysis of Thermoelectric Generator Efficiency for n-Bi₂Te₃ and p-Sb₂Te₃ from Experimental and Simulation

Abstract Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are technologies that convert heat directly into electricity and vice versa. The performance of TEG systems has been predicted and optimized by numerous theoretical models created in recent years. This paper compares TEG efficiency with n -Bi 2 Te 3 and p -Sb 2 Te 3 by simulation and experimental analysis. At the same temperature range of 20 to 70 ºC, the n -Bi 2 Te 3 and p -Sb 2 Te 3 thermoelectric modules have comparable electrical voltage, total current density, output power, and efficiency. The outcome demonstrated that the TE generator’s maximum output power is 0.6 and 0.38 W and that the TEG system’s instantaneous efficiency can achieve roughly 2.5 and 2% for both simulation and experimentation at 70 ºC. The present comparative analysis of efficiency enhances our comprehension of thermoelectric materials and their possible uses in sustainable energy solutions. The results of the study can direct future advancements in the design of thermoelectric generators and open the door to higher energy conversion efficiency.