The application of real-time analysis of 3D point cloud data in safety pre-warning during the construction of mountain tunnels

Accidents such as collapse, rock burst and water burst happened during the construction of tunnels. The cross-section diagrams of tunnels should be real-time measured to gain the tunnels’ shape changing data and provide the safety pre-warning. Under the help of automatic inspection robot of tunnels, the point cloud data of tunnels’ fracture surface was gained by 3D laser scanner and the cross-section diagrams of tunnels can be created. The traditional point cloud data analysis needs to transport the data from 3D laser scanner to computer, and make offline analysis by special software. This method has the disadvantage in its efficiency, the requirements of the tunnels’ shape changing monitoring can’t be satisfied. The real-time 3D point cloud data analysis technology is designed. The system can automatically collect the point cloud data of tunnel’s fracture surface by 3D laser scanner, through automatic format transformation, data division, point cloud registration and on-line analysis, to output a real-time monitoring data statement and pre-warning message. By field experiment, this technology can increase the timeliness and accuracy of safety pre-warning during the construction of tunnels. This paper can provide the technical support of real-time monitoring of geology deformation during tunnel’s excavation construction.