Evaluation model of smart port index based on gray entropy variable weight

High-performing ports are implementing smart technologies to better manage operations facing stiff competition worldwide. In this context, a framework for smart ports and a quantitative metric, smart port index (SPI), is developed to improve ports resiliency and sustainability. Our proposed SPI is based on key performance indicators (KPIs) based on three key activity domains of a smart port: comprehensive operation, innovation leading and ecological environment. Our methodology provides a gray entropy variable weight method to construct evaluation model for smart ports. Case studies show that the proposed evaluation model can reflect smart level of port comprehensively, systematically, and objectively as well. The results of this study also suggest that government policies and region-specific variables can impact SPI value.