Optimization model for simultaneous controlled charging of electric vehicles in distribution grids in rural, suburban and urban areas

The energy demand of future electromobility poses new challenges for distribution grids due to critical load peaks. Integrating electric vehicles (EVs) into the energy system by controlled charging could offer additional flexibility for the overall system yet may increase the peak loading in the distribution grid. We therefore developed and implemented a modular optimization model representing the simultaneous controlled charging of multiple EVs in one defined branch of a distribution grid from a combined aggregator and grid perspective. The objective consists of minimizing the costs to provide electrical energy to fully recharge all EVs connected to that grid branch during a full year, either in perfect foresight or by applying a rolling horizon with a 36h/24h scheme. The time intervals of connection to the power grid are explicitly modelled as well as the grid limitations.