The Effectiveness of Biopharmaceuticals in Controlling Warehouse Pests in the Storage of Feed Ingredient

Abstract Warehouse pest control is often carried out by using synthetic insecticide such as methyl bromide, hydrogen phosphine and pyrethroids to sprayed on the surface of materials. Biopharmaceuticals from Zingiberaceae family can be used for botanical pesticides as a component of pest control including warehouse pests. The research aim to determine the effect of the application of galangal powder, black curcuma, and yellow curcuma on warehouse feed storage materials to pest mortality, life cycle and material shrinkage. The experiment was carried out from February to May 2020 and arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was biopharmaceuticals consisting of galangal, black curcuma, yellow curcuma, and control, whereas the second factor was storage feed ingredients consisting of fresh dried cassava powder (DCP), expired DCP, peanut husk (PH), and copra meal (CM). Observation of pest mortality, life cycle, and the material shrinkage was conducted every two weeks. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance at a level of 5%, then Duncan’s Multiple Range Test was further used to determine the effect of each treatment. Results showed that there was a positive interaction between galangal biopharmaceuticals and the mortality increase of Sitophilus zeamays and Tribolium castaneum . Galangal had a significant effect on the highest mortality of both pests whereas Sithopilus zeamays and Tribolium castaneum mortality were 58,57% and 49,67%, respectively. Galangal and fresh dried cassava also had a significant effect on decreasing hatch of eggs of the two pests.