Performance system of microbial fuel cells applied in bioretention systems

Traditional bioretention systems often face challenges such as clogging and leaching issues during nitrogen removal from stormwater runoff, which can lead to secondary water pollution. Additionally, these systems typically consume electricity during operation. To address these issues, we have developed a novel, low-impact, high-efficiency denitrification, anti-clogging, and electricity-generating coupled microbial fuel cell bioretention system. In the vegetative layer of this bioretention system, alternating seasonal planting of Lythrum salicaria and water celery is used for effective nitrogen removal. By replacing traditional blower aeration with waterfall aeration and employing a composite ecological filler made of loofah sponge and polyurethane as modular equipment, the need for backwashing is eliminated. This innovative approach ensures that wastewater treatment no longer relies on electrical energy, while also allowing for precise replacement of local filler in case of clogging. Additionally, the microbial fuel cells incorporated into the bioretention system effectively prevent and mitigate clogging within the system, while simultaneously generating electricity, enhancing the overall efficiency and sustainability of the system.