Emergence of superradiance in dissipative dipolar-coupled spin systems

Abstract In the superradiance phenomenon, a collection of non-interacting atoms exhibits collective dissipation due to interaction with a common radiation field, resulting in a non-monotonic decay profile. This work shows that the dissipative dipolar-coupled systems exhibit an identical collective dissipation aided by the nonsecular part of the dipolar coupling. We consider a simplified dipolar network where the dipolar interaction between the spin-pairs is assumed to be identical. For a suitable choice of the initial condition, the resulting dynamics requires dealing with a smaller subspace that helps extend the analysis to a larger spin network. To include the nonsecular dipolar relaxation, we use a fluctuation-regulated quantum master equation. Moreover, we find that for an ensemble of N spins, the maximum intensity of the radiation exhibits a nearly quadratic scaling ( N 2 ), and the dipolar relaxation time follows an inverse square proportionality ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ); these two observations help characterize the emergence of superradiance. Our results agree well with the standard results of pure spin superradiance observed experimentally in various systems.