A rare cause of recurrent massive hemoptysis

Pulmonary artery aneurysmal rupture is a rare cause of massive hemoptysis. When the suspected origin of bleeding is the pulmonary artery, comprehensive evaluation is necessary to determine aetiology and guide appropriate management. Behçet's disease and Hughes-Stovin Syndrome (HSS) are important differentials to consider after infections and malignancy have been ruled out. Pulmonary artery aneurysms with aneurysmal wall enhancement and 'in-situ' thrombus should prompt the suspicion of HSS. Early diagnosis and treatment with immunosuppressants and endovascular interventions in selected patients may improve the prognosis and prevent episodes of fatal hemoptysis.