Evaluation of Incidence and Mortality in Patients with Diabetic and Respiratory Comorbidities (Non-Neoplastic and Non-Covid 19-Related). Period 2018-2023

Background and Aims The population with T2D (Type 2 Diabetes) has an increased risk of hospitalization and mortality. The authors examined hospitalizations at the Internal Medicine Units and Emergency Medicine of the “G. Rummo” Hospital in Benevento from 2018 to 2023 with primary diagnosis of respiratory disease (non-neoplastic and non-Covid19- related) and comorbidity with T2D. Materials and Methods Hospital Discharge Records from January 2018 to June 2023 from the Internal Medicine Units and Emergency Medicine of the “G. Rummo” Hospital in Benevento. Results A progressive increase in the number of patients with a respiratory diagnosis associated with T2D was observed (from 7.4% to 13.4%). In 2020, compared to the previous two years, a higher number of subjects with respiratory disease and compensated T2D was observed (69%). In 2021-2022, there was an increase in patients with decompensated diabetic comorbidity (55-45%). In 2020, the recorded incidence of these hospitalizations was 10.9%, with a mortality rate of 16.67%. In the following years, both the number of hospitalizations and the number of deaths decreased. Discussion The data analysis confirms what is reported in the scientific literature regarding patients with respiratory diseases and T2D comorbidity which, during the pandemic period, showed better management of metabolic pathology, indicating greater therapeutic compliance [1, 2].