Analysis of Factors Influencing the Severity of Crashes Involving Multi-Occupant Non-Motorized Vehicles and Motor Vehicles

This study utilizes traffic accident data involving motor vehicles and non-motorized vehicles in a Shandong Province city from 2013 to 2022. It extracts 18 independent variables across categories such as person, vehicle, road, environment, collision, and management. The analysis employs multinomial logit, ordered logit, and random parameter logit models to comparatively assess goodness-of-fit. Additionally, it conducts quantitative analyses to determine the significance and differences in the impact of each factor on accident severity, selecting the best model for this purpose. The results of the study show that weekend, autumn, and winter, motor vehicle type, road type, road segregation, and road control mode play an important role in multi-occupant non-motor vehicle accidents. The presence of non-motorized passengers significantly affects the severity of motorized and non-motorized crashes. Finally, recommendations are made to reduce the severity of non-motorized crashes.