Analysis of the Relationship between Taxi Services and Public Transit in Shanghai: A Spatially Heterogeneous Perspective

The relationship between taxi and public transit (PT) is often found to be complex and mixed. Despite this, studies examining spatial variations in this relationship are limited. To address this gap, our study delves into the spatially varying relationship between taxi and PT based on PT smartcard data and taxi trip data from Shanghai over a month in 2019. Their relationship was quantified through a station-level competition index. Additionally, we estimated a geographically weighted regression model to identify the spatially varying impacts of different factors on their relationship. We find that approximately 38% of the taxi trips are competing with PT. There is a higher concentration of competing taxi trips in the city center. On average, points of interest like tourist spot and healthcare have a positive impact on the competition, while others are the opposite. The insights contribute to a more nuanced understanding of taxi services’ role in urban mobility.