Dynamic Centralized-Distributed Control of Highway Cyber-Physical Systems: A Model-Based Systems Engineering Approach

The advancement of communication technology has created opportunities for coordinating adjacent segments on the highway. Centralized-distributed control has been shown to improve highway traffic efficiency. To fully coordinate cyber resources and physical resources, this paper proposes a dynamic centralized-distributed control strategy. This strategy adapts the communication structure of highway Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) to physical traffic status. By reducing the cyber space dimensions, it reduces computational and communication costs. Additionally, Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is employed to enhance comprehension and management of the intricate aspects of highway CPS. Driven by requirements, the highway CPS is decoupled into system and subsystem levels, enabling independent analysis and design of their respective behaviors, structures, and parameters. Simulation validates the proposed strategy, showing a better balance of traffic efficiency, communication, and computational cost compared to control methods for static structures.