Theoretical analysis of the intestinal microbiota influence on colorectal cancer development

Background. ColoRectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors: about a million new cases are diagnosed annually in the world. In Ukraine, the incidence of CRC is 20.5 per 100,000 population. The ratio of mortality and morbidity indicates significant shortcomings in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of CRC. Aim. To study theoretical scientific developments regarding the influence of intestinal microbiota on the development of colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods. In the course of writing the scientific article, a number of modern literary sources and the latest data from scientific Web databases were studied of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and PubMed, methods of systematic and comparative analysis of the specified problem were applied. Medical and statistical data of scientific publications on morbidity and treatment results in different countries of the world were studied. Results. According to world statistics, CRC is the third most common in men (10.0% of the total number of malignant neoplasms) and the second most common in women (9.2%). Approximately 45.0% of CRC patients die despite treatment. A high percentage of emergency operations is recorded in elderly patients with chronic accompanying pathology, which is the cause of a large number of postoperative complications ([24.0–80.0] %) and mortality ([11.0–36.0] %). The incidence of CRC in Ukraine is the highest among a number of countries and indicates significant deficiencies in the diagnosis and treatment of patients, as well as in the prevention of this disease. Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the development of colorectal cancer. Disruption of the functioning of the intestinal microbiota also leads to the development of a significant number of infectious, metabolic, oncological, neurological and endocrine diseases. Conclusion. The analysis of literary sources and clinical studies of domestic and foreign authors allows us to assert that the microbiota, influencing the immune system, plays an important role in the induction and progression of colorectal cancer. Keywords: mortality, morbidity, treatment.