Mental health assessment of graduating Iranian medical students using the General Health Questionnaire

Background and aim: The pathway to obtaining a medical degree is a demanding journey, often inducing considerable stress, particularly for students nearing graduation. Understanding the mental health status of these medical students is crucial for implementing effective interventions to support their well-being. This study aimed to investigate the mental health status of medical students on the verge of graduation across Iran, using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 766 eligible medical students. Data on demographics, academic performance, marital status, housing arrangements, socioeconomic status, and health history were collected. The GHQ questionnaire was employed to evaluate the mental health status of the participants. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, and one-way ANOVA were used for data analysis. Results: The study revealed a slight deviation in mental health among female participants (52.6%) and a predominance of individuals aged 25–30 (58.7%). The overall mean GHQ-12 score was 15.36 (SD = 4.49), indicating moderate psychological distress. Academic performance was not significantly related to mental health outcomes. However, a significant correlation was identified between the number of clinical competency test attempts and mental health status. Gender and marital status were significant determinants, with males (15.82 ± 4.71) and single individuals (15.50 ± 4.38) exhibiting higher mean GHQ scores compared to their married counterparts. Socioeconomic status and a history of chronic psychiatric illness were not statistically significant, but merit further investigation. Additionally, participants with more clinical competency test attempts demonstrated better mental health. Conclusion: Graduating medical students exhibit varying levels of mental health, influenced by factors such as gender, marital status, and exam attempts. Targeted interventions addressing their socio-emotional needs are essential to enhance psychological well-being in this population.