Economics, supply chain and advanced tolerance fuel requirement of very small modular reactors (vSMR): a case study for Saudi Arabia

Abstract The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is now among the few nations poised to benefit from nuclear reactor technology. For building nuclear reactors in a desert region like the Kingdom, one of the effective approach is to construct small nuclear power plants that can be swiftly deployed in remote areas. Key factors include the performance of these nuclear reactors, which encompasses their innovative design, safe operation, and economic viability. The research begins with a comprehensive analysis of the latest literature on very small modular reactors (vSMRs), including relevant policies and regulations. The reactors’ suitability for Saudi Arabia’s climate is also assessed. Considering the country’s extensive sustainable energy plan, the future energy market in Saudi Arabia is examined. The study covers the gasoline supply chain system, addressing both the front and back ends, safety features, development strategies, and implementation challenges. Additionally, technological advancements relevant to Saudi Arabia, such as control systems, computer platforms, and fuel tolerance during accidents, are explored. The research supports considering vSMRs as a viable addition to the nuclear fleet of KSA.