Capabilities of Industrial Outsourcing of Electronics through Contract Manufacturing in China Based on Cluster Model

The article examines the key aspects and advantages of the cluster model in the context of enterprises focused on manufacturing and design in the field of consumer electronics in China. The main focus is on the economic efficiency and innovative potential provided by the cluster model to enterprises engaged in contract manufacturing. It is highlighted how the geographical concentration of production capacities and close cooperation between companies within clusters contributes to process optimization, cost reduction and strengthening of innovation processes. Key results: 1) the literature review suggests that the problems of outsourcing practice have attracted a lot of attention from the academic community, but consumer electronics research is rare; 2) a review of the best practices of manufacturing and design-oriented enterprises in China shows that for enterprises focused on the production of original equipment the key practices are large-scale production, flexibility in production, quality control and supply chains, and for enterprises focused on the production of design — innovative developments, full production cycle, partnership with customers and quick response to market trends; at the same time, these practices can be used simultaneously by both types of enterprises; 3) the cluster model in China is a powerful tool for stimulating economic growth, developing innovations and strengthening the competitive advantages of companies, as it provides an integrated approach to the development of industries and regions, contributing to the creation of a favorable business environment and accelerating economic development; 4) a review of key Chinese clusters focused on manufacturing and design in the field of consumer electronics (Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen, Zhejiang clusters) showed that these structures play a critical role in accelerating innovation and industrial development in this sector. Their further research and adaptation can play an important role in developing cluster model in Russia as well as in strengthening technological independence.