Proteome-Wide Analysis of Antibody Responses in Asymptomatic Omicron BA.2-Infected Individuals at the Amino Acid Resolution
Humoral immunity plays a critical role in clearing SARS-CoV-2 during viral invasion. However, the proteome-wide characteristics of antibody responses in individuals infected with Omicron variant, both asymptomatic and symptomatic, remain poorly understood. We profiled the serum antibodies from 108 individuals, including healthy controls and those infected with Omicron BA.2, using a SARS-CoV-2 proteome microarray at the amino acid resolution. We constructed a landscape of B-cell epitopes across the SARS-CoV-2 proteome in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Immunodominant epitopes were mainly derived from S, N, Nsp3, M, and ORF3a proteins, with some epitopes overlapping with T-cell epitopes. Using machine learning, we identified a proteomic signature capable of distinguishing asymptomatic individuals from healthy controls in both training and validation cohorts, achieving AUCs of 0.988 and 0.857, respectively. These findings provide crucial immunological insights into BA.2 infections of the Omicron and have implications for future COVID-19 diagnostics and therapeutics.
Authors
- Yongzhe Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-0985)
- Hongye Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6467-0316)
- Xiaobo Yu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2352-9866)
- Mansheng Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0778-0965)
- Yongmei Liu
- Haoting Zhan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-9141)
- Linlin Cheng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1924-3363)
- Fuchu He (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8571-2351)
- Xiaomei Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5875-4284)
- Di Hu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-7279)
- Erhei Dai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8835-6199)
- Huixia Gao
- Xin Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1112-6397)
- Jing Ren (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9041-9479)
- Yuling Wang
Institutions
- North China University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CN)
- Abterra Biosciences (United States) (US)
- Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang (CN)
- Beijing Proteome Research Center (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Proteome Research
- Published
- 2024-12-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00546
- Primary Topic
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation
- Capital Health Research and Development of Special Fund
- National Key Research and Development Program of China
- Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province