THE ROLE OF ECONOMIC RESOURCES IN ENSURING FOOD SECURITY AND EFFECTIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT

The agricultural sector heavily depends on four primary resources: land, labour, finance and materials. These resources are vital for ensuring food security and the effective functioning of the agro-industrial complex. However, in Russia, the industry faces unique challenges due to unfavourable climatic conditions, such as a limited growing season and temperature differences, which affect both the cultivation of crops and the maintenance of livestock. These natural constraints require additional material costs, increasing the complexity and financial needs of agricultural projects and programs. Optimization of these resources is fraught with specific difficulties. For example, public-private partnerships are challenging to create and manage. They also require significant initial investments, which affects public finances. Advanced technologies, although beneficial, may not be available to small and medium-sized enterprises, which leads to sectoral inequality. Moreover, subsidies can distort market dynamics and tax liabilities.