ALTERNATIVE MODES OF TRANSPORT AND URBAN PLANNING

The issue of energy efficiency in the transport system occupies a central place in the context of global environmental challenges and sustainable urban development. The considered measures and recommendations aimed at reducing dependence on cars, the use of alternative energy sources and the development of environmentally friendly modes of transport emphasize the need for an integrated approach to transport planning. The successful application of these policies requires taking into account the specifics of each city, including its topographical, socio-economic and infrastructural features. The introduction of sustainable transport solutions, such as the use of electric and hybrid technologies, the development of walking and cycling routes, as well as the integration of public transport with new energy-efficient technologies, allows not only to reduce the negative impact on the environment, but also to improve the quality of the urban environment for the population. Further development and improvement of these approaches is an important step towards creating sustainable cities in harmony with nature and solving the energy challenges of the future.