The Impact of Virtual Power Plants Participating in Peak Shaving on Distribution Network Operation

This research delves into the ramifications of virtual power plants’ engagement in peak load reduction strategies on the operational dynamics of distribution networks. Initially, tailored simulation frameworks were devised for diverse distributed energy resources, encompassing photovoltaic systems, energy storage mechanisms, electric vehicle charging stations, building HVAC systems, and electrode boilers. Subsequently, leveraging the aggregation capabilities of virtual power plants, an innovative operational optimization model was formulated to facilitate their effective participation in mitigating peak loads within distribution grids. The findings reveal a dual-edged sword effect: while virtual power plants significantly diminish the peak-to-valley load disparity, enhancing grid stability, they concurrently amplify voltage fluctuations at nodes and elevate line losses within the distribution network.